This study focuses on the characterization of pore structures in coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs to enhance understanding of gas transport and recovery processes. CBM, an unconventional natural gas resource, relies heavily on the intricate network of coal matrix pores for gas storage and flow. Effective characterization of these pores is crucial for optimizing production strategies and maximizing recovery rates. Various techniques, including low-pressure N2 & CO2 adsorption, sorption isotherm measurement, rock-eval pyrolysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), etc., are employed to analyze pore size distribution, connectivity, and surface characteristics within coal samples. The findings highlight the significant role of mesopores and micropores in facilitating gas adsorption and desorption processes. Moreover, pore connectivity and distribution influence the permeability and diffusivity of methane within the reservoir, directly impacting recovery efficiency. This comprehensive pore characterization provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between pore structure and gas transport dynamics, offering a foundation for developing tailored reservoir management techniques in CBM extraction operations.