Unit I: Overview of Computer Architecture and Organization: Contrast between computer architecture and organization, Fundamentals of computer architecture, Organization of von Neumann machine, Basic operation concepts, Performance and Historical perspective.

Unit II: Computer Arithmetic and Machine Instruction: Representation of integers and real numbers algorithm for carrying out common integer and floating-point operations, Memory Locations and Addresses, Memory operations, Instruction format, execution cycle, Instruction types and addressing modes.

Unit III: Memory System Organization and Architecture: Memory system hierarchy, main memory organization, cache memory, virtual memory.

Unit IV: I/O organization: Bus control, Serial I/O (study of Asynchronous and synchronous modes, USART & VART), Parallel Data transfer: (Program controlled: Asynchronous, synchronous & Interrupt driven modes, DMA mode, interrupt controller and DMA controller), Buses Device subsystem, External storage system, RAID architecture.

Unit V: Control Unit Design: Instruction sequencing, Instruction interpretation, control memory, Hardwired Control, Micro programmed Control, Micro programmed Computers.

Unit VI: Organization of CPU: Single vs multiple data path ISA Control unit Instruction, pipelining, Trends in computer
architecture: CISC, RISC, VLIW, Introduction to ILP Pipeline Hazards: Structural, data and control Reducing the effects of hazards.

To provide students with basic concepts of computer systems and their logical operations.

To make the students understand the basic operations involved in the execution of an instruction.

Explain the basic concept of interrupts and their usage to implement I/O control and data transfers.

Identify the different architectural design issues that can affect the performance of a computer such as RISC architecture, instruction set design, and addressing modes.

Aware of various critical operations involved in executions of a process.
Aware of I/O organization and interconnection structures of computer system.

V. C. Hamacher, Z. G. Veranesic, and S. G. Zaky, Computer Organization, Tata McGraw Hill

William Stallings, Computer Organization and Architecture -– Designing for Performance, Pearson Education

J. P. Hayes, Computer Architecture and Organisation, McGraw Hill

D.A. Pattersen and J. L. Hennesy, Computer Architecture- A quantitative Approach, Morgan Kaufman